Six Nations: What is the Millennium Trophy?

The Millennium Trophy is a rugby union trophy that is awarded at the Six Nations. Introduced during the 1980s, this Viking helmet-shaped design is one of the Championship’s most distinctive trophies.

Do you have any questions about the Millennium Trophy? Do you want to know which team has claimed it the most? Or learn more about its unique design? Here you’ll find answers to all of your most pressing Millennium Trophy rugby questions.

Which teams compete to win the Millennium Trophy in the rugby Six Nations?

The two teams that play to win the Millennium Trophy are England and Ireland. At each Six Nations tournament, these two teams compete in the annual Millennium Trophy rugby match. The winner then retains or reclaims this piece of silverware. 

The current holders of the Millennium Trophy are Ireland. They won the clash between the two teams at the 2025 Six Nations.

When was the Millennium Trophy first won?

The first Millennium Trophy was won in 1988. The match was held on 23 April 1988 at Lansdowne Road in Dublin. Much to the disappointment of the home crowd, England defeated Ireland 21-10 and claimed the inaugural trophy. Interestingly, to date, this remains the only Millennium Trophy match to take place outside of the Six Nations Championship.

Why was the Millennium Trophy introduced?

The Millennium Trophy was introduced as part of Dublin’s official millennial celebrations. Ireland’s capital observed its 1,000th anniversary in 1988 and, as such, the trophy reflects the city’s rich history. 

Adorned with Viking horns, this silver trophy is shaped like a Viking helmet. The design was created to commemorate the city’s first Viking settlement, which had become a substantial town by the late 10th century.

Which team has won the most Millennium Trophy matches?

England have won more Millennium Trophy rugby matches than Ireland. Overall, England have won the trophy 21 times, while Ireland have won it on 17 occasions. 

After winning the inaugural match, England retained the trophy until 1993, when Ireland secured their first victory. In total, Ireland secured just two wins during the Five Nations era, while England claimed the trophy nine times (in addition to the inaugural match, which was outside the Five Nations).

In contrast, Ireland have outplayed England during the current Six Nations format. Ireland have secured the trophy 15 times in the modern era, while England have lifted the Viking helmet 11 times.

Millennium Trophy results table

Here are the Millennium Trophy winners by year: